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Suburban Gothic
Suburban Gothic is a subgenre of Gothic fiction, film and television, focused on anxieties associated with the creation of suburban communities, particularly in the United States, from the 1950s and 1960s onwards. It often, but not exclusively, relies on the supernatural or elements of science fiction that have been in wider Gothic literature, but manifested in a suburban setting.
==Description==
Suburban Gothic is defined by Bernice M. Murphy as "a subgenre of the wider American Gothic tradition which dramatises anxieties arising from the mass urbanisation of the United States and usually features suburban settings, preoccupations and protagonists".〔B. M. Murphy, ''The Suburban Gothic in American Popular Culture'' (Palgrave Macmillan, 2009), ISBN 0-230-21810-5, (p. 2 ).〕 She argues that a common trope of the suburban Gothic is the danger within a family or neighbourhood, rather than an external threat.〔B. M. Murphy, ''The Suburban Gothic in American Popular Culture'' (Palgrave Macmillan, 2009), ISBN 0-230-21810-5, p. 3.〕 Teenagers and children are often major protagonists or sources of threat and characteristic conflicts often focus on issues of individuality and conformity.〔B. M. Murphy, ''The Suburban Gothic in American Popular Culture'' (Palgrave Macmillan, 2009), ISBN 0-230-21810-5, pp. 2–3.〕
Important early works identified with the subgenre include Richard Matheson's ''I Am Legend'' (1954) and Shirley Jackson's, ''The Haunting of Hill House'' (1959).〔B. M. Murphy, ''The Suburban Gothic in American Popular Culture'' (Palgrave Macmillan, 2009), ISBN 0-230-21810-5, p. 15.〕 Works that incorporate environmental concerns include Ira Levin's ''The Stepford Wives'' (1972), Anne Rivers Siddons's ''The House Next Door'' (1978) and the Todd Haynes film ''Safe'' (1995).〔B. M. Murphy, ''The Suburban Gothic in American Popular Culture'' (Palgrave Macmillan, 2009), ISBN 0-230-21810-5, p. 4.〕 Important films include versions of these written works and Tobe Hooper's ''Poltergeist'' (1982).〔J. E. Hogle, ''The Cambridge Companion to Gothic Fiction'' (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002), ISBN 0-521-79466-8, p. xxv.〕 Several works by David Lynch, notably the television series ''Twin Peaks'' and the film ''Blue Velvet'' have been identified as part of the suburban gothic subgenre.〔The Anadromist (2012) American Gothic Films: An Incomplete List . The Anadromous Life, () November 7, 2012, Available at: http://theanadromist.wordpress.com/2012/11/07/american-gothic-films-a-list/ (December 9, 2012 ).〕 Films with threats from a female protagonist, including ''Fatal Attraction'' (1987) and ''Disclosure'' (1994) have also been identified as part of the genre.〔K. I. Michasiw, "Some stations of sub-urban Gothic", in R. K. Martin and E. Savoy, eds, ''American Gothic: New Interventions in a National Narrative'' (University of Iowa Press, 2009), ISBN 1-58729-349-8, p. 240.〕 TV series such as ''Buffy the Vampire Slayer'' and ''Desperate Housewives'' have also been seen as dealing with concerns about hidden Gothic worlds behind the suburban façade.〔B. M. Murphy, ''The Suburban Gothic in American Popular Culture'' (Palgrave Macmillan, 2009), ISBN 0-230-21810-5, p. 166.〕 The 2011 Australian film ''Snowtown'' also concerns suburban gothic themes.
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